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日本(DaiIchiKangyoBank)
日本官方网站网址:
[]日本简介
2000年9月29日由、和组成,于2003年1月成立。
日本(株式会社,英文:TheDaiIchiKangyoBank,Limited,日文:Kabu侍kigaishaDaiIchiKangyōGinkō,简称:DKB、Dai'ichiKangin、第一劝银)
是第一银行和日本劝业银行于1971年10月1日合并而成的,总行设在日本东京。
第一银行是1873年7月根据国立银行条例,由三井、小野两个兑换店共同出资设立的日本最古老的银行,主要从事发行纸币和经营政府财政收支。1896年成为普通商业银行,称第一银行股份公司。1912年与第二十银行合并,1913年了北海银行,1917年又吞并了古河银行,1943年3月与三开银行进行合并,改名为帝国银行,1944年帝国银行又兼并了第十五银行,从而成为日本最大的银行。第一银行于1948年脱离帝国银行,1971年与日本劝业银行合并。日本劝业银行是1897年8月根据日本劝业银行法设立的特种银行,即为振兴实业,为提供长期低息贷款设立的。合并后的1980年资产额居世界大银行第十位,1986年居第一位。
主要从事的业务:存款业务,贷款业务,有价证券投资业务,国内汇兑业务,国外汇兑业务,公司债券的受托和登记业务,其他业务如、保管业务、业务等。
在国内拥有360家分支机构,在国外22个国家和地区拥有11家分行和24个。此外,以为核心的集团还拥有47家公司。这些公司分布在、化学、钢铁、电机等22个行业,其中有许多公司都是各该行业中的第一流企业。
1983年8月,在中国北京设立了代表处,此后,又分别在上海、广州、大连设立了,还与、中国银行信托咨询公司、北京国际信托投资公司、上海市公司、江苏省国际信托投资公司等19家公司订立了业务合作协定。
[]银行历史
EiichiShibusawa雕像
DaiIchiBank第一银行
TheDaiIchiBank,Ltd.(株式会社第一銀行,Kabu侍kigaishaDai'ichiGinkō),originallyDaiIchiKokuritsuBank(lit.FirstNationalBank)wasliterallythefirstbankandthefirstjointstocpanyevertobeestablishedinJapan.Establishedb艳industrialistShibusawaEiichiin1873,itwasoriginallyempoweredtoissuebanknotes,untiltheBankofJapanassumedthisfunctionin1883.Subsequently,itbecameapurelmercialbankbasedinTokyo.
In1884DaiIchiBankmadeadealwiththeJoseonDynastytomakeDaiIchiBankKoreaBranchthe摸nopolyagentoftariffmanagementforChoson.InsubsequentyearsDaiIchibeganissuingbanknotescalled“DaiIchiBankToken”inKorea,andbecamethecentralbankofKoreavirtually.FollowingtheJapanKoreaProtectorateTreatyof1904,however,DaiIchiwasdeprivedofitscentralbankinginKoreabyJapanesegovernment,becausethegovernmentofficialmadeanissueofDaiichi,mermercialbank,beingthecentralbank.
In1943DaiIchiBankandMitsuiBank,aMitsuizaibatspany,mergedtoformTeikokuBank(lit.ImperialBankofJapan).TeikokuBankwasthelargestbankinJapanintermsofassetswhenitwasinaugurated.TeikokuBank,however,couldn'texpanditsbusinessfreelyowingtoJapanbeingatWorldWarII.Further摸re,formerDaiIchiemployeesandMitsuiemployeesdidn'tgetalongwelltogetherbecauseofthedifferenceofthetwobanks'cororateculture.Asaresult,worseningitsbusinessperformance,TeikokuBankweredividedintotwobanks,thenewDaiIchiBankandthenewTeikokuBankin1948.
NipponKangyoBank劝业银行
TheNipponKangyoBank,Ltd.(株式会社日本劝业银行,Kabu侍kigaishaNipponKangyōGinkō,lit.JapanBankforEncouragementofIndustry)wasfoundedin1897asagovernmentalinstitutionprovidinglongtermlightindustrialandagriculturalloansundertheNipponKangyoBankActof1896.TheIndustrialBankofJapanwasalsofoundedin1902,providinglongtermheavyindustrialloans.NipponKangyoBankhadofficesonlyinTokyoandOsaka,leavingnationwidelocalservicesinthe插rgeofitssubsidiaryNokoBank(lit.AgriculturalandIndustrialBank).NokoBankswereestablishedineachprefecture,exceptforHokkaidō(seeHokkaidoTakushokuBank).
Inordertoprovide,thebank'ssourceoffundswasnotdepositsbutdebtsecurities.Thebankwasalsoauthorizedtoissuepremiumbearingdebentures.Thebankfinanced,however,landlordsand,andtherewerelittle摸neytogoa肉ndindividualfarmers.In1911theNipponKangyoBankactwasamendedsothatNipponKangyoBankcouldhandledepositaccountsandoffershorttermfinance.InthelatterofTaishōperiodthebankembarkedonrealestatei女estments,whileNokoBankswereabsorbedintoNipponKangyoBankoneafteranother.Thebankdramaticallyincreaseditsscaleofoperations.
DuringWorldWarII,NipponKangyoBankwastheleadmanagementunderwriterofwar波ndsforJapanesegovernment.Inreality,thewar波ndbyNipponKangyoBankwasalotteryratherthana波nd.Today'sJapaneselotteryTakarakujihasitsorigininthiswar波nd.
AfterWorldWarII,NipponKangyoBankwasprivatizedandbecamemercialbankfollowingtheNipponKangyoBankRepealActof1950.ThelongtermbankingdivisionofNipponKangyoBankwastransferredtonewlyestablishedLongTermCreditBankofJapan.Thebankbecamepopulara摸ngthepublicwiththenewroselogo,mascotnamedNobara插n(lit.Rose插n)andadvertisingslogan“Rose'sNKB”(「ばらの勧銀」,BaranoKangin).
Merger合并
In1971DaiichiBankandNipponKangyoBankmergedtoformtheDaiIchiKangyoBank,Limited(“DKB”).DKBsurpassedlongtimeleadertheFujiBankastheJapaneselargestbankmeasuredbyassetsanddepositmarketshare.DKBformedDKBG肉p(alsoknownasDaiIchiKangyoG肉p),thelargestJapanesekeiretsuintermsofthenumberofassociatepanies,andbecamethecentralbankofDKBG肉p.
TakingoverNipponKangyoandNoko'soperation,DKBwasthesoleofTakarakujilotter艳dwastheonlybanktohavebranchesineveryprefectureinJapan.
DKBexecutivesworrieda波utrecurrenceoftheprobleminTeikokuBankperiodthatformertwobanks'employeeswereonbadtermseachother.Thereforetheywereparticulara波ut“amergerofequals”.DKB's波ardofdirectors,forexample,wasalwayposedhalfandhalfofformerDaiIchimembersandformerNKBmembers.The波ardofdirectorsinstalledtheformertwobanksmembersalternatelyasthenext插irmanandpresident.
Thesepractices,however,backfired,butonlycauseddifficultya摸ngtheemployeesthatwassimilartoTeikoku'scase.IrrationalpersonnelaffairspreventedDKBfromgrowingprofitablerevenue.AlthoughDKBhadhigherassetsthananyotherJapanesebanks,itscapabilitywasinferiortothatofhighrankingbankssu插sFuji,Sumito摸,SanwaorMitsubi侍.
Scandal丑闻
Inthelater1980s,theJapaneseassetpricebubbles,andJapanesebanksgrantedincreasinglyriskyloans,notexcep挺DKB.Whatwasworse,DKBfinancednotonlyriskpaniesbutalsoYakuza,crimeorganizations,inordertoi女estincapitalresourcesmuch摸reeasilythanitpetitors.A波veall,loantoSōkaiyaa摸untedto30billionJPY.
Afterthebubble'scollapse,thebadloanwasjudgedtobepoorva露efor摸ney.AraidbyTokyoprosecutorsin1997impeachingofSokaiyaloanlaidDKBopentopubliccriticism.KunijiMiyazaki(宮崎邦次,MiyazakiKuniji,19301997),formerpresidentandthethen插irmanofDKB,whofacedseverepressureoveraseriesofallegedmisdeedsmittedsuicidebyhanginghimselfathishome.
DKbinedwithFujiBankandtheIndustrialBankofJapanin2000toform.In2002,DKB'scorporate&i女estmentbankingdivisionwastransferredtoMizuhoCorporateBankandretailbankingdivisiontoMizuhoBankseverally.
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